The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this abstract. The program committee has reviewed all presenting author disclosure reports, identified potential conflicts of interest, and implemented strategies to manage those areas of conflict, where appropriate. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless otherwise noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution
 
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Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to induce the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 of tumor cells and the infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma.
 
Akio Nakagawa
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Kimihiro Yamashita
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Hiroshi Hasegawa
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Masashi Yamamoto
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Shingo Kanaji
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Yoshiko Matsuda
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Takeru Matsuda
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Taro Oshikiri
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Tetsu Nakamura
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Yasuo Sumi
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Satoshi Suzuki
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Yoshihiro Kakeji
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